Study of estimating instantaneous unit hydrograph applying genetic algorithm 遺傳算法在估計(jì)瞬時(shí)單位線參數(shù)中的應(yīng)用
Unit hydrograph method 單位歷線法
Forest ecosystem ; hydrological system ; global change ; guandaushi watershed ; instantaneous unit hydrograph 森林生態(tài)系、水文系統(tǒng)、全球變遷、關(guān)刀溪集水區(qū)、瞬時(shí)單位歷線
The results show that the minus value and fluctuation of unit hydrograph can be mitigated and the error of observed discharge can be withstood using the robustified ridge estimation 最后采用抗差嶺估計(jì)來推算單位線,該方法既可以解決共線性的問題,也可以抗御粗差的影響,得到比較穩(wěn)定的單位線。
According to the collected data in first two years , the study tried to simulate the runoff model by the instantaneous unit hydrograph theory and analyzed the data , the results were shown as follows 本文系以瞬時(shí)單位歷線為基礎(chǔ),進(jìn)行逕流歷線之模擬,同時(shí)將分析整理前兩年之觀測(cè)資料,所得之初步結(jié)果列述如下:
The instantaneous unit hydrograph theory would be suitable for the high antecedent baseflow and the high rainfall intensity to estimate the direct runoff , but it still needs to prove its fitness with much more cases 在臨前基流量較大或降雨強(qiáng)度較大時(shí),應(yīng)用瞬時(shí)單位歷線理論分析逕流特性之準(zhǔn)確性較高,然確實(shí)之適用條件仍有待進(jìn)一步之研究。
Cthe method of establishment of spatial analysis information system about water resource in longkou city based on water experiment and observational data and special map , spatial database and attributive database of water resource is established with arc / info7 . 1 ~ arcview3 . 1 ~ photoshop5 . o ~ idrisi2 . o ~ . visual foxpro5 . o . taking horton geomorphology and valdes geomorphicly immectiate unit hydrograph ( g theory ) as theory direction , the database is analyzed and mathematical models is found . linking basic database and model database , that spatial database and attributive database of water resource is established 龍口市水資源時(shí)空分析信息系統(tǒng)構(gòu)建的方法以水利實(shí)驗(yàn)、觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)和專題地圖等資料為基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù),在arc / info7 . 1 、 arcview3 . 0 、 photoshop5 . 0 、 idrisi2 . 0 、 visualfoxpro5 . 0技術(shù)支持下,構(gòu)建起水資源空間數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和屬性數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù);以g理論和horton地貌律為理論指導(dǎo),進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)分析,并建立水資源數(shù)學(xué)計(jì)算模型,即模型庫(kù)構(gòu)建;將基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和數(shù)學(xué)模型庫(kù)藕合在一起,建立起龍口市水資源時(shí)空分析信息系統(tǒng)。
The geomorphological instantaneous unit hydrograph ( giuh ) is viewed as the frequency distribution of the times of arrival of individual water deoplets at the catchment outlet . the travel path , for a typical hillslope cell . consists of a hillslope fraction , corresponding to overland flow and a stream fraction , corresponding to concentrated channeled flow . to obtain the time of travel , velocities must be defined . hillslope and stream velocities vary with location and must be strongly correlated with slope , and therefore a spatial distribution of velocities and hence of travel times could be obtained . the present methods of giuh neglect any time delays associated with overland flow pathways 地貌單位線被看作是流域上各水質(zhì)點(diǎn)在弱相互作用下,到達(dá)流域出口匯流時(shí)間的頻率分布。對(duì)于一個(gè)典型的山坡型網(wǎng)格單元,匯流路徑由兩部分組成,即坡地部分和河道部分,為了得到匯流時(shí)間,必須首先確定匯流速度。坡地和河道的匯流速度隨著區(qū)域位置而變,并且必然與坡度有關(guān),因此,可首先計(jì)算流速的空間分布,進(jìn)而得到匯流時(shí)間的空間分布。
Geography position and meteorology character in gongboxia watershed are analyzed , according to which the excess of infiltration and instantaneous unit hydrograph are used in runoff and affluence models , and muskingum routing method in river course affluence , kalman filtering technique and least square method in real - time correction 分析公伯峽流域所處地理位置及該流域內(nèi)的氣象特征,確定產(chǎn)、匯流模型采用超滲產(chǎn)流和瞬時(shí)單位線,河道匯流采用馬斯京根法,實(shí)時(shí)校正法由卡爾曼濾波和最小二乘法組成。